Distributed control system (DCS) is a term commonly used to describe the network control architecture found in highly integrated industrial environments. DCS can range from a single controller and operator workstation to large systems incorporating multiple controllers and workstations. In general, DCS has multiple controllers that interact with each other by sharing a common network/database to control I/O devices.

The controller is integrated with I/O cards placed in a control cabinet. I/O cards can be remotely located and can interact with the controller through network interface modules. The controller, along with the communication card, has widespread computational capabilities in addition to Proportional (P), Proportional and Integral (PI), Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) that supports logical and sequential controls. All the components of the DCS communicate and interact through communication protocols such as fieldbus.

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